SAPIEHA LEON (1803 - 1878)


Marshal of Sejm of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria- I - III terms (1861 - 1875)

Born on 18 September 1803 in Warsaw, died on 11 September 1878 in Krasiczyn. He came from a well-known aristocratic family. Carefully educated at home, he continued at the Warsaw Liceum and studied law and economy in Paris and Edinburgh 1820 - 1824. Worked in the civil service of the Kingdom of Poland. He worked under direct supervision of treasury minister Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki, dealing mainly with mining and metallurgy 1825 - 1830. He accompanied the minister twice in his visits to Petersburg connected with finance of the Kingdom, received the title of chamberlain of the emperor's court 1828. The outbreak of the November uprising found him in Paris. He declared for the National Government, participated in diplomatic missions to France and Great Britain. On returning home, he took part in military operations as an officer of cavalry, then artillery, being promoted captain. Awarded the Virtuti Military Cross. After the defeat of the uprising, he settled in the Austrian partition zone (Galicia), where he purchased numerous lands. His Kingdom estate was confiscated due to the after-insurrection repressive measures 1835. He got quickly involved in the activity of the Galician state sejm, resuming and accomplishing its former initiatives. He contributed a lot to funding Towarzystwo Kredytowe Ziemskie (Land Credit Society) 1841, the Galician Savings Bank 1844 and the Galicyjskie Towarzystwo Gospodarskie (Galician Farming Society) 1845. He demanded to solve the peasants' question (enfranchisement of the peasants), to improve transport (building a railway), introduce Polish language into courts. He worked for the national movement in the Austrian zone 1848 (declared for Galicia under Habsburgs' rule) and for the Slavonic Conference in Prague (advocate of a Polish-Ruthenian agreement). After the Springtime of the Nations, he remained loyal and carried on organic work. He maintained contact with the political emigration in France (Hotel Lambert), during the January uprising (1863) he tried to soothe the atmosphere in Galicia, although he supported the uprising financially. With the advent of pro-constitution atmosphere in Austria, he stood for the National Sejm in the first election in March 1861, getting a seat in 5 districts of I kuria (electoral group). Nominated sejm marshal by emperor Franz Joseph. Simultaneously, a member of the State Council in Vienna (from 1 April 1861) as a hereditary member of the Lords' Chamber, he was in the Polish Club of the Austrian parliament. During his long work as national marshal (he got a sejm seat in consecutive elections 1867, 1870 in Przemyśl district of I kuria ), he contributed to organising the autonomous government of the country and won renown as an experienced chairman of sejm debates who realised the necessity of an agreement with the Ruthenians (Ukrainians) and appreciated their national and cultural aspirations. He held the marshal's office till 1875, when he resigned it and retired from political activity.


Portrait of Leon Sapieha, 1878

Painted by Henryk Rodakowski
oil, canvas, 119,5 x 85,5 cm
National Museum in Cracow, cat. No II-a-528